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Book Catalogue Community Policing
OverviewCommunity policing has been around for many years, but attempts to communicate its principles in accessible form are rare. In this student-focused text, author Heather Hodgson uses simple, coherent prose, diagrams, case studies, and a wide range of practical exercises to communicate the message that the responsibility for responsive and humane policing flows both ways: police personnel must foster an environment in which community members can "seek and demand a relationship with their police officers and must identify with them," creating a community that is informed, involved, and unified in the goal of preserving peaceful interpersonal relations. Top ∧Content Summary
Top ∧ForewordCommunity policing has evolved over the past several decades. A myriad of labels ranging from zone policing, team policing, and problem-solving policing to the more recent community policing have obscured the difference between myth and reality. An overload of information, strategies, best practices, and popular descriptions have challenged police practitioners to be creative in order to escape simply duplicating a program and importing it to their community. Indeed, one size does not fit all, and the prevailing emphasis is that all new citizen–police interactive programs must be made to fit the unique needs of each individual community if they are to be successful. It is critical that aspiring police officers be aware of the history and tradition in their chosen profession, in particular with respect to the new "style" of policing. Unless we are aware of the achievements, motivations, and disappointments relative to the continuous changes affecting policing, we will be ill prepared to develop effective solutions to meet new challenges through police–community partnerships. The author has policed at the grassroots level through some of these progressive changes in concert with the early development of community policing in Peel Region. Her contributions to the development of proactive programs linger even today. In her new roles as educator and author, she has been able to draw on these experiences, integrating them with the new philosophy of community policing as an organizational behaviour. Readers of this book will soon discover that the author's efforts are illustrative of community policing in Canada as it exists today with the emphasis on the roots of community policing in Ontario. A value-added component is the inclusion of resources, including police-related Internet sites, which will be particularly useful to students as they prepare themselves for an exciting career in a proud profession. Barry V. King
What is community policing? If it is such a good thing, why isn't it working? Has the fact that it has been largely politically driven the reason for resistance among the practitioners of policing? For about 15 years now I have taken issue with the belief among many leading police chiefs that community policing is a philosophy. As long as this kind of thinking persists, community policing will never be translated into anything more than an intangible, evasive principle. I have always held that community policing is a method of doing business — a method that must become the underlying strategy for the delivery of all policing services. To succeed, community policing cannot be practised by a few select individuals within a police service; it cannot be simply a strategic blitz on a certain problem area (for this merely transfers the problem to another area); and it cannot be over-empowerment of select officers (in numerous examples in the past we have seen this as little more than a politicization of the police — a licence to beg, borrow, and prey upon citizens and businesses to donate goods or services). Community policing in the past has been nothing but a new term applied to the old practice of the police saying, "Look how good we are!" (Prior to the mid-to-late '80s we called it community services.) It is also certainly more than changing the name of a "police force" to the seemingly more acceptable "police service." Community policing, through the way in which it has been adopted by politically correct police leaders, has driven a wedge between segments of police agencies. Investigators have been led to believe that they are left to do the dirty work and that community policing is "soft on crime," while community police officers have become the prima donnas. As but one example of many such incidents, "community police officers" and "crime fighters and investigators" in Texas actually came to blows in a police department parking lot. I have never professed to have all the answers — many of the problems we have experienced have resulted in tough solutions. But they are there and only comprehensive understanding of how community policing can be universally applied, and then actually practised, can resolve these differences. Gary Wood Top ∧Student NotesThis book has been developed for the community policing courses in the Police Foundations Program. It provides an overview of policing and policing issues on a broader, global scale, then focuses on Ontario, and, finally, local initiatives. Part I explores the roots of community policing — its origins in fundamental policing principles, the theory underlying the various models of community policing, and how these new approaches can be accommodated within the traditional structure of policing. Research exercises at the end of each chapter in part I encourage the development of research and analytical skills, and direct you toward gaining a working knowledge of the theory and application of community policing. In the team exercises in chapter 4, which should done concurrently with chapters 1, 2, and 3, you put this knowledge into practice and learn how to work together in teams to achieve shared goals. Part II focuses on community policing in action in a variety of contexts — public relations, conflict resolution, crime prevention, volunteerism, and Ontario's public complaints system. The exercises at the end of each chapter in part II extend your research and analytical skills and build your team performance and problem-solving abilities in real-life applications of community policing. Part III provides materials to assist you in completing the team exercises in parts I and II, and includes an extensive list of resources, organized by type, to assist you in your research. Finally, part IV reproduces actual examples of community initiatives, operations manuals, and policies and procedures. You have approximately three hours per week for this course; it is suggested that, initially, two hours per week be used for lecture of theory and one hour per week for in-class team assignments. The time allocation to theory and facilitation may vary as the term progresses. Internet resources are vital links to current issues and practices of community policing. You are expected to do Internet and other research on your own time and maintain your teamwork and other assignments outside the class. This course is intensive. In addition to the listed chapter objectives and generic skills, students who successfully complete this course will have developed more fully the following skills: • written and oral communication skills • interpersonal and team-building skills • time management and organizational skills • research and critical thinking skills • problem-solving skills • computer literacy skills Assignments have been designed to allow instructors to choose from a variety of questions for takehome, open-book, or closed-book tests. An alternative approach would be to assign essays. This intensive, hands-on approach to learning may be difficult to get used to at first. Project and class management teams should ease the resolution of your problem-solving and research issues. Brief class management team meetings should be scheduled regularly during class time throughout the term. It is an opportunity for all students to have input and for the instructor to assess the progress of the student teams. The establishment of teams and the formation of a class management team mirrors the real world. Police supervisors function in a similar structure, by reporting to management teams. Although you may become frustrated and at times overwhelmed, you will gain a great deal using this approach. It will be useful to bring your concerns to your project teams and class management team meetings where you can reach a successful conclusion. Individual teams who are experiencing problems can be assisted by instructors and by input from class colleagues, as required. As in the real world of community policing, the more you put into your efforts, the more you will gain. Good luck in your endeavours. Top ∧Full Table of ContentsForeword Acknowledgments Introduction Student Notes About the Author Part I The Roots of Community Policing Suit of Blue Chapter 1 Theories and Models of Community Policing Peel's Principles Modern Developments Models of Community Policing Chapter Summary Exercise Chapter 2 The Growth of Community Policing in Ontario Legislative Developments Social and Technological Developments Community Policing Initiatives Training and Education Restructuring, Downloading, and Fiscal Concerns Chapter Summary Exercise Team Exercise Chapter 3 The Police Structure and Community Policing The Traditional Police Structure Changes Required To Achieve Community Policing Chapter Summary Exercise Chapter 4 Application of Theories and Models of Community Policing Team Assignment 1: Establish a Community Team Assignment 2: Assess Local Community Policing Initiatives Part II Community Policing in Action Citadel Chapter 5 Conflict Resolution and Community Policing Conflict Resolution and Alternative Dispute Resolution Mediation Community Involvement Benefits Chapter Summary Exercise Chapter 6 Public Relations and Community Policing Public Relations Political and Legislative Factors Media Relations Information Methods Chapter Summary Exercise Chapter 7 Problem-Oriented Policing and Crime Prevention Strategies Quality of Life in the Community Determining Community Needs Crime Analysis and the Problem-Oriented Policing Model Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design The Role of the Community in Crime Prevention Chapter Summary Team Exercises Chapter 8 Volunteerism and Community Policing Profile of a Community Volunteer Policies and Procedures Job Descriptions Operation Planning Recruitment and Selection Training, Supervision, and Scheduling Motivation and Incentives Chapter Summary Team Exercises Chapter 9 Handling Complaints Within a Community Policing Model Chapter Summary Team Exercises Part III Team Support Materials and Research Resources Chapter 10 Team Performance Team Assignments Team Phases Goal Setting Problem-Solving Steps Sample Meeting Minutes Sample Activity Log Chapter 11 Interviewing Chapter 12 Crime Analysis/Crime Prevention Assignment Support Material Data/Mapping Interpretation and Application Data/Mapping/Interpretation and Application Checklist Security Survey Security Site Survey Checklist Security Survey: Risk Analysis Design a Security Survey Checklist Security Survey Audit Security Survey Alternatives Community Interaction Community Interaction Checklist Community Interaction Planning Proposal Proposal Checklist Proposal Considerations Communication Process Activity Organizational Skills Activity Chapter 13 Alternative Case Study Assignment Support Material Niagara College Campus Watch: Background Campus Watch Planning Recruitment and Selection Checklist Team Debriefing Security Survey Security Survey: Risk Analysis Chapter 14 Volunteer Operation Planning Chosen Event Checklist Event Debriefing Chapter 15 Research Resources Part IV Supplementary Materials Appendix A There Is Something We Can Do: The Role of Police in Drug Education in Ontario Appendix B Volunteer Handbook Appendix C Crime Stoppers International Appendix D National Night Out Appendix E Community Radio Watch Appendix F Volunteers in Policing Program (VIPP): Sault Ste. Marie Appendix G Volunteers in Policing Program (VIPP): Brockville Appendix H Seniors Information Appendix I Operation Lookout Appendix J Brockville and District Safe Community Coalition Appendix K Community-Oriented Problem Solving (COPS) Appendix L Security Operations and Procedures Appendix M Sample Volunteer Policy |
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